Category: Blog Roll

Types of Music Royalties

  By

Music licenses and royalties generally fall into the four categories outlined below:

  1. Performance rights Royalties – These rights deal with live performances or broadcasts. The licensee pays a set fee to a PRO and is generally able to play the entire collection (or in some instances and individual property) covered. Performance royalties are paid to the songwriters and publishers when the song/s are performed live or on radio.
  2. Mechanical licenses Royalties – These refer to mechanically reproduced music (i.e. CD, Cassette etc.) for public distribution. The publisher grants an allowance for the composition to be reproduced and in turn a royalty is paid to the artist, songwriter and publisher on a per/recording sold basis.
  3. Synchronization rights Royalties – These licenses are needed for compositions to be reproduced and used in other forms of media such as television, film, video, games, etc… The synchronization royalty is paid to the songwriters and publishers for use as “background music.”
  4. Print rights Royalties – These are paid to publishers and songwriters based on sales of their printed musical compositions and sheets.

These royalties listed above are the main types in the United States and there may be others in other countries and jurisdictions.

As with all issues in law, there are generally no one clear answer to certain issues and the circumstances are always of vital importance.

Disclaimer

THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS WEBSITE IS PROVIDED FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY, AND SHOULD NOT BE CONSTRUED AS LEGAL ADVICE ON ANY MATTER.

The transmission and receipt of information contained on this Web site, in whole or in part, or communication with Zamani Thomas PA via the Internet or e-mail through this website does not constitute or create a lawyer-client relationship between us and any recipient. You should not send us any confidential information in response to this web-page. Such responses will not create a lawyer-client relationship, and whatever you disclose to us will not be privileged or confidential unless we have agreed to act as your legal counsel and you have executed a written engagement agreement with Zamani Thomas PA. The material on this website may not reflect the most current legal developments. The content and interpretation of the law addressed herein is subject to revision. We disclaim all liability in respect to actions taken or not taken based on any or all the contents of this site to the fullest extent permitted by law. Do not act or refrain from acting upon this information without seeking professional legal counsel.

AfroChic Presents – INSPIRED Art Basel

  By

December 9th, 2018, The AfroChic team descended on Miami Florida for a cultural and educational experience with Art Basel Inspired, which took place in the Historic Overtown, Miami, FL at the newly opened The Urban. See the recap video and looking forward to next year.

Steps to a Successful Trademark Filing

  By

5 Steps to a successful filing

In this article I am going to try to outline 5 steps that will give you the best chance at a successful trademark filing with the United States Trademark & Patent Office (USPTO).

1. Make Sure you are the first to file your “mark” (or something too similar)

Be sure when you are ready to file your trademark, you are using and filing a “mark” that is not already taken or is not “confusingly similar” to anther mark already registered. The search feature on the USPTO website allows for individuals see all the marks that have been filed and also what “class” they have been filed under.

It is in your best interest to perform an exhaustive search on your proposed “mark” because once filed, you will not be able to receive a refund if rejected by the examiner.

2. Be sure that the Trademark you select is “Protect-able”

The second thing anyone looking to file a Trademark must understand is that not all words or phrases are eligible to be protected.  Below is a list of characteristics that may determine the success of a filing and strength of the potential trademark, from weakest to strongest.

  • Generic words may not be protected.
  • Descriptive words are only allowed to be protected once they have attained a secondary meaning.
  • Suggestive words are protect-able if they still identify the good/service. (ex Twitter)
  • Arbitrary words have a high level of protection (ex. Apple)
  • Fanciful or made up words are afforded the greatest scope of protection. (ex. Kodak)

The more similar your trademark is to other trademarks on the market, the less identifying strength it is going to have. 

3. File your Trademark earlier rather than later

Although your “common law” trademark rights arise automatically, you should still look to file your “mark” with the USPTO ASAP to secure exclusivity nationwide and to create constructive notice to all future applicants looking to file your “mark’ or something “confusingly similar”.  By filing it early, you become first in time and are at the front of the line with respect to that “mark”.
If you have not started using the “mark” in public yet, you can file an “Intent to Use” registration application as soon as you develop a bonafide intent to your new name or logo in commerce.

4. Once Registered, the work starts

After you have filed and received a successful registration of your trademark, you must stay vigilant and continue to monitor potential individuals infringing on your intellectual property.  Failure to adequately enforce your trademark rights can result in both (i) degradation of the brand, and (ii) potentially loss of exclusive rights altogether. If you decide to expand your business internationally, you will need to file separate trademark protections in foreign jurisdictions.

5. Protecting your Trademark gets more important as you grow

As your company grows you will probably have more items and or services under the initial Trademark umbrella that may need protecting. 

Be sure to keep your intellectual property protected at all times.  The best way to do this is by filing new trademarks following the steps above, each time you roll our a new product or service. Further, if you create new goods or services and keep them under the existing trademark, you may run into problems with clearance in the new market. If your brand changes over time, new registration applications may be necessary in order to protect modified versions of your trademarks.

Protecting your Intellectual Property will pay dividends in the future and is a critical element in making sure your company or ideas have the best chance of being successful. 

Disclaimer

The information contained in this website is provided for informational purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice on any matter.

The transmission and receipt of information contained on this Web site, in whole or in part, or communication with Zamani Thomas PA via the Internet or e-mail through this website does not constitute or create a lawyer-client relationship between us and any recipient. You should not send us any confidential information in response to this web-page. Such responses will not create a lawyer-client relationship, and whatever you disclose to us will not be privileged or confidential unless we have agreed to act as your legal counsel and you have executed a written engagement agreement with Zamani Thomas PA. The material on this website may not reflect the most current legal developments. The content and interpretation of the law addressed herein is subject to revision. We disclaim all liability in respect to actions taken or not taken based on any or all the contents of this site to the fullest extent permitted by law. Do not act or refrain from acting upon this information without seeking professional legal counsel.